01 - Preheat oven to 350°F. Line a 9-inch square baking pan with parchment paper, leaving a slight overhang on two sides for easy removal.
02 - Combine the unsalted butter and chopped dark chocolate in a microwave-safe bowl. Heat in 30-second intervals, stirring between each burst, until completely smooth. Set aside to cool for 5 minutes.
03 - In a large mixing bowl, whisk together the granulated sugar, light brown sugar, and eggs vigorously for about 2 minutes until the mixture turns thick, pale, and glossy.
04 - Add the pure vanilla extract and room-temperature sourdough discard to the egg-sugar mixture. Stir until fully blended and no streaks of discard remain.
05 - Pour the slightly cooled melted chocolate mixture into the bowl. Fold gently with a spatula until the chocolate is evenly incorporated throughout the batter.
06 - Sift the all-purpose flour, unsweetened cocoa powder, and kosher salt together into a separate bowl. Gradually fold the sifted dry mixture into the wet batter, mixing just until no dry pockets remain. Avoid overmixing to keep the brownies tender.
07 - Transfer the batter to the prepared pan, spreading it into an even layer with a spatula. Scatter the mini chocolate chips evenly across the surface, followed by the cosmic sprinkles.
08 - Bake on the center rack for 28 to 32 minutes, rotating the pan halfway through. The brownies are done when the center is just set and a toothpick inserted comes out with moist crumbs clinging to it.
09 - Let the brownies cool in the pan for at least 20 minutes. Lift them out using the parchment overhang, then slice into 16 even squares with a sharp knife.